Tsari, ƙa'ida da halaye na injin kewayawa
Tsarin injin kewayawa
Tsarin injin kewayawa ya ƙunshi sassa uku: vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, tsarin aiki, tallafi da sauran abubuwa.
1. Vacuum interrupter
Vacuum interrupter, kuma aka sani da vacuum switch tube, shine ainihin abin da ke cikin injin da'ira.Babban aikinsa shi ne ba da damar matsakaici da babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki don saurin kashe baka tare da danne wutar lantarki bayan yanke wutar lantarki ta hanyar ingantaccen aikin rufewa na injin da ke cikin bututu, don guje wa haɗari da haɗari.An raba masu katsewa zuwa masu katsewa ta gilashi da masu katse injin yumbu bisa ga harsashi.
Vacuum arc extinguishing chamber an yafi hada da iska m insulating harsashi, conductive kewaye, garkuwa tsarin, lamba, bellows da sauran sassa.
1) Tsarin rufewar iska
Tsarin rufewar iska ya ƙunshi harsashi mai ƙulli na iska wanda aka yi da gilashi ko yumbu, farantin murfin ƙarshen motsi, kafaffen murfin ƙarshen, da bakin karfe.Don tabbatar da kyakkyawan iska tsakanin gilashin, yumbu da ƙarfe, ban da tsarin aiki mai tsanani a lokacin rufewa, ana buƙatar ƙaddamar da kayan da kanta ya zama ƙananan kamar yadda zai yiwu kuma sakin iska na ciki yana iyakance ga ƙananan.Bakin karfe bellows ba kawai zai iya keɓe yanayin injin da ke cikin injin baka mai kashe ɗaki daga yanayin yanayi na waje ba, har ma ya sa lamba mai motsi da sandar motsa jiki ta motsa cikin kewayon kewayon don kammala haɗin gwiwa da cire haɗin aikin injin injin.
2) Tsarin gudanarwa
Tsarin gudanarwa na ɗakin kashewa na baka yana kunshe da sandar da aka tsara, daɗaɗɗen ƙafar ƙafar ƙafar ƙafar ƙafa, ƙayyadaddun lamba, maɗaukakiyar motsi, motsi mai motsi mai motsi da sandar motsi.Daga cikin su, tsayayyen sandar gudanarwa, madaidaiciyar arc da ke gudana da kuma madaidaicin lamba ana kiranta gaba ɗaya a matsayin madaidaiciyar lantarki;Motsa lamba, motsin saman baka da sanda mai motsi masu motsi gaba ɗaya ana kiran su da lantarki mai motsi.Lokacin da injin da'ira mai watsewa, sauyawa mai ɗaukar hoto da injin mai ba da wutar lantarki wanda aka haɗa da ɗakin kwana na baka mai kashewa suna rufe, tsarin aiki yana rufe lambobi biyu ta hanyar motsi na sanda mai motsi, yana kammala haɗin kewaye.Domin kiyaye juriyar lamba tsakanin lambobi biyu ƙanƙanta da kwanciyar hankali, kuma suna da ƙarfin injina mai kyau lokacin da ɗakin da ke kashe baka yana ɗaukar tsayayyen ƙarfin halin yanzu, injin injin yana sanye da hannun rigar jagora a ɗaya ƙarshen madaidaicin conductive. sanda, da saitin maɓuɓɓugan matsawa ana amfani da su don kula da matsi mai ƙima tsakanin lambobin sadarwa biyu.Lokacin da vacuum sauya karya halin yanzu, lambobin sadarwa biyu na arc extinguishing chamber sun rabu kuma suna haifar da baka a tsakanin su har sai baka ya fita lokacin da na yanzu ya ketare sifili, kuma an gama watsewar kewaye.
3) Tsarin garkuwa
Tsarin garkuwar injin baka na kashe ɗaki ya ƙunshi babban silinda garkuwa, murfin garkuwa da sauran sassa.Babban ayyuka na tsarin garkuwa sune:
(1) Hana tuntuɓar samar da dumbin tururi na ƙarfe da ɗigon ruwa ɗigon ruwa yayin harbi, yana gurɓata bangon ciki na harsashi mai rufewa, yana haifar da ƙarfin rufewa don raguwa ko walƙiya.
(2) Haɓaka rarraba wutar lantarki a cikin mai katsewa yana da tasiri don rage girman harsashi na vacuum mai katsewa, musamman don ƙaddamar da mai katsewa tare da babban ƙarfin lantarki.
(3) Shaye wani bangare na makamashin baka da mazugi na kayan baka.Musamman lokacin da mai katsewa ya katse gajeriyar kewayawa, yawancin makamashin zafi da ke haifar da arc yana ɗaukar tsarin garkuwa, wanda ke haɓaka ƙarfin dawo da dielectric tsakanin lambobin sadarwa.Mafi girman adadin samfuran baka da tsarin garkuwar ke sha, mafi girman ƙarfin da yake sha, wanda ke taka rawa mai kyau wajen haɓaka ƙarfin mai katsewa.
4) Tsarin tuntuɓar juna
Tuntuɓar ita ce ɓangaren da aka samar da baka da kuma kashewa, kuma buƙatun kayan aiki da sifofi suna da girma.
(1) Abubuwan tuntuɓar juna
Akwai buƙatu masu zuwa don kayan tuntuɓar:
a.Babban ƙarfin karyewa
Yana buƙatar cewa watsin kayan da kansa yana da girma, ƙimar ƙimar thermal conductivity ƙarami ne, ƙarfin thermal yana da girma, ƙarfin fitarwar thermal electron yana da ƙasa.
b.Babban rushewar wutar lantarki
Babban rushewar wutar lantarki yana haifar da babban ƙarfin dawo da dielectric, wanda ke da amfani ga kashe baka.
c.Babban juriya lalata lantarki
Wato yana iya jure wa ablation na baka na lantarki kuma yana da ƙarancin ƙashin ƙarfe.
d.Juriya ga fusion waldi.
e.Ana buƙatar ƙarancin yanke-kashe ƙimar halin yanzu don zama ƙasa da 2.5A.
f.Ƙananan abun ciki na gas
Ƙananan abun ciki shine buƙatu don duk kayan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin mai katsewa.Copper, musamman, dole ne ya zama tagulla maras iskar oxygen da ake kula da shi ta hanyar tsari na musamman tare da ƙarancin iskar gas.Kuma ana buƙatar gami na azurfa da tagulla don siyarwa.
g.Abubuwan tuntuɓar ɗakin kwana na baka mai kashewa don mai watsewar kewayawa galibi yana ɗaukar gami da jan ƙarfe chromium, tare da jan karfe da chromium suna lissafin kashi 50% bi da bi.Tagulla na jan karfe chromium gami da kauri na 3mm ana waldawa a saman saman abokan hulɗa na sama da ƙasa bi da bi.Sauran ana kiran su lamba tushe, wanda za a iya yi da oxygen free jan karfe.
(2) Tsarin sadarwa
Tsarin tuntuɓar yana da tasiri mai girma akan ƙarfin karyewar ɗakin da ke kashe baka.Tasirin kashe baka da aka samar ta hanyar amfani da lambobi tare da sassa daban-daban ya bambanta.Akwai nau'ikan lambobin sadarwa guda uku da aka saba amfani da su: nau'in nau'in tsarin karkatacciyar hanya, tuntuɓar tsarin tsari mai siffar kofin tare da chute da tsarin lamba mai siffar kofin tare da filin maganadisu mai tsayi, wanda haɗin ginin mai siffar kofi tare da filin maganadisu na tsaye shine babban ɗaya.
5) Balaguro
The bellows na injin baka kashe chamber ne yafi alhakin tabbatar da motsi na motsi na electrode a cikin wani takamaiman kewayon da kuma kula da wani babban injin na dogon lokaci, kuma ana amfani da su don tabbatar da cewa injin baka kashe dakin yana da babban inji rayuwa.Ƙaƙwalwar mai katsewa wani siriri ne mai bango wanda aka yi da bakin karfe mai kauri na 0.1 ~ 0.2mm.A lokacin buɗewa da rufe tsarin injin injin, ƙwanƙarar ɗakin da ke kashe baka yana fuskantar faɗaɗawa da raguwa, kuma ɓangaren ɓangarorin yana fuskantar matsin lamba, don haka ya kamata a ƙayyade rayuwar sabis na bellow bisa ga maimaita faɗaɗawa da raguwa da matsin sabis.Rayuwar sabis na bellows yana da alaƙa da yanayin zafi na yanayin aiki.Bayan dakin da ake kashe injin arc ya karya babban guntun da'irar, sauran zafin sandar da aka yi amfani da shi za a canza shi zuwa ƙwanƙolin don ɗaga zafin ƙwanƙolin.Lokacin da zafin jiki ya tashi zuwa wani matsayi, zai haifar da gajiyar ƙwanƙwasa kuma ya shafi rayuwar sabis na bellows.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-04-2022